Should you sleep on the side of a ruptured eardrum?

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When dealing with a ruptured eardrum, choosing the right sleeping position can help minimise discomfort and promote healing. While there is no strict rule on which side to sleep on, many people find it more comfortable to lie with the affected ear facing up, allowing any fluid to drain and reducing pressure on the damaged eardrum. If only one eardrum is ruptured, sleeping on the opposite side of the healthy ear is often recommended, as this position can relieve pain and prevent irritation. Alternatively, if both eardrums are affected, sleeping on your back may be the best option to avoid placing pressure on either ear. Elevating your head slightly with an extra pillow can also help reduce pressure and encourage drainage, potentially easing discomfort. It is important to avoid inserting anything into the ear, such as cotton balls or earplugs, unless advised by a doctor. Keeping the ear dry and following any medical advice, such as prescribed antibiotics or ear drops, is crucial for a smooth recovery. If ear pain or discomfort persists despite adjusting your sleeping position, it is important to consult a healthcare professional to ensure proper healing and avoid complications. Read our article to learn more about burst eardrum's treatment and home care.

What is a ruptured eardrum?

A ruptured eardrum occurs when there is a hole or tear in the tympanic membrane, the thin tissue that separates the outer ear from the middle ear. This membrane is essential for hearing and protecting the middle ear from debris and bacteria. A ruptured eardrum can result from various causes, including infections, sudden pressure changes, injuries, or foreign objects in the ear. While it can lead to complications like hearing loss or repeated infections, most ruptured eardrums heal on their own within a couple of months.

What side should I sleep on with a ruptured eardrum?

You might assume that sleeping on the unaffected ear is the most sensible option when dealing with a ruptured eardrum. However, it's essential to emphasise that, in most cases, you can sleep on either side without exacerbating the condition or applying unnecessary pressure to the already damaged eardrum. What matters more is which side you find most comfortable for sleeping. As part of the recovery process, it's important to prioritise your overall well-being through sufficient rest and hydration. Keeping well hydrated and ensuring a proper, restful night's sleep are both crucial elements. Adequate hydration and rest provide your body with the resources it needs to heal effectively.

How to sleep with a ruptured eardrum

People may struggle to sleep when experiencing pain in one or both ears. For this reason, individuals with ear pain following a ruptured eardrum should consult their doctors regarding pain relief options to help them sleep more comfortably. Additionally, making temporary adjustments to sleeping positions can help minimise discomfort from resting on a ruptured eardrum. Depending on the cause, a person may have a ruptured eardrum in one or both ears. If only one eardrum is affected, they may find it more comfortable to sleep on their back or on the side with the unaffected ear down, keeping the ruptured ear facing upwards. Sleeping in this position may also aid the absorption of ear drops, should they be prescribed or recommended by a doctor. For those with ruptures in both eardrums, sleeping on their back may be the most comfortable option until healing occurs. Individuals who experience significant pressure in their ears may also consider sleeping upright or using multiple pillows. A small study found that people with chronically ruptured eardrums experienced higher pressure in their middle ears when lying down compared to being upright.

How to fall asleep with an ear infection

Falling asleep with an ear infection can be challenging due to pain and discomfort. To ease the process, try elevating your head with extra pillows. Sleeping with your head raised can help reduce pressure in the ear, which may alleviate pain. Taking pain relievers like ibuprofen or acetaminophen before bed, as recommended by a healthcare professional, can also reduce discomfort and make it easier to fall asleep. Warm compresses placed gently over the infected ear for 10-15 minutes may provide additional relief by reducing inflammation and soothing pain.

It is important to keep the ear dry, especially if fluid drainage is present. If advised by your doctor, you can use cotton balls to protect the ear during sleep. Maintaining a calm and quiet environment in your bedroom can help improve sleep quality, as well as practising relaxation techniques like deep breathing before bed. If the pain persists or worsens, it’s important to consult a healthcare provider for proper treatment and advice.

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Should you sleep on the side of a ruptured eardrum?

When dealing with a ruptured eardrum, there is no strict requirement to sleep on the unaffected side. You can generally sleep on either side without worsening the condition or putting undue pressure on the damaged eardrum. The key is to sleep in a position that feels most comfortable for you. However, if you experience pain or discomfort when lying on the side of the ruptured eardrum, it may be better to avoid that position. Maintaining proper sleep habits is essential for healing, as rest allows your body to recover more efficiently. In addition to this, keeping your ear dry and free from infection is critical. Therefore, if your doctor has prescribed any treatments or advised using cotton wool to protect the ear, it’s important to follow those recommendations during sleep. Ultimately, while there is no fixed rule about which side to sleep on, listening to your body and focusing on comfort is the best approach for promoting healing and avoiding further irritation.

What is the best position for a ruptured eardrum?

The best position for sleeping with a ruptured eardrum depends largely on your comfort. Generally, you can sleep on either side without worsening the condition. However, many people prefer sleeping on the side opposite the affected ear to avoid discomfort or pressure. This can also help promote better drainage if there is fluid leaking from the ear, reducing the risk of infection. Keeping your head slightly elevated by using extra pillows may also help reduce pressure in the ear, potentially alleviating discomfort. This position can encourage proper drainage and may aid in reducing any associated pain. It is important to avoid putting anything in the ear while sleeping, such as cotton balls, unless specifically advised by a healthcare professional. Keeping the ear dry and clean is essential for healing, so if drainage is an issue, following your doctor’s instructions regarding care is crucial. Ultimately, the goal is to sleep in a position that feels most comfortable while protecting the ear from further irritation.

Should I take time off work with a perforated eardrum?

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Whether you need to take time off work with a perforated eardrum depends on the severity of your symptoms and the nature of your job. In many cases, people with a perforated eardrum can continue with their daily activities, including work, if their symptoms are mild and manageable. However, if you experience significant pain, dizziness, hearing loss, or fluid discharge from the ear, it may be wise to take time off to rest and recover. If your job involves physical activities, heavy lifting, or exposure to water, dust, or loud noises, it’s advisable to consult with your doctor. These environments could aggravate the condition or slow down the healing process. In such cases, your doctor might recommend a temporary break or adjustments to your work environment. A perforated eardrum typically heals within a few weeks, but it's important to follow your healthcare provider's advice regarding rest and treatment. Taking the necessary precautions can help prevent complications, such as infections or delayed healing.

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What not to do with a ruptured ear drum?

When dealing with a ruptured eardrum, it’s important to avoid certain actions that could worsen the condition or delay healing.

  • First and foremost, do not insert anything into your ear, such as cotton swabs, fingers, or earbuds. Inserting objects into the ear can further damage the eardrum or introduce bacteria, leading to infection.
  • Avoid getting water into the ear. Keeping the ear dry is crucial for preventing infections, which can complicate the healing process. When bathing or showering, use a cotton ball covered in petroleum jelly to protect the ear from moisture. It is also important to avoid swimming until the eardrum has fully healed, as water in the ear canal can lead to further complications.
  • Refrain from blowing your nose forcefully. Blowing your nose with too much pressure can create more stress on the eardrum and may slow healing. If you need to blow your nose, do so gently and one nostril at a time.
  • It is also recommended to avoid exposure to loud noises or environments with sudden changes in pressure, such as flying or diving, until the eardrum has healed. Loud sounds or pressure changes can aggravate the rupture and prolong recovery.
  • Lastly, do not ignore symptoms like persistent pain, fluid discharge, or hearing loss. If these symptoms continue, consult a healthcare professional, as they could indicate an infection or the need for further treatment. Following your doctor’s advice and avoiding these risky actions will help promote faster healing of the ruptured eardrum.

What happens if you get water in a perforated eardrum?

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If water enters a perforated eardrum, it can lead to several complications that may slow down healing or cause additional problems. The ear’s natural defense system is compromised when the eardrum is perforated, making it easier for water, bacteria, and other contaminants to enter the middle ear. This increases the risk of developing an ear infection (otitis media), which can lead to symptoms such as pain, swelling, hearing loss, and discharge from the ear. Water entering the middle ear can also disrupt the normal drainage and balance of fluids, potentially causing dizziness or vertigo. Infections that develop due to water exposure may prolong the healing process and, in some cases, require antibiotics or medical intervention. In rare situations, untreated infections could lead to more serious complications, such as chronic ear infections or hearing loss. To prevent water from entering the ear, it is crucial to keep the ear dry while the eardrum heals. Avoid swimming and protect the ear during showers or baths by using a cotton ball covered in petroleum jelly or a waterproof ear covering. If water does enter the ear and you experience symptoms like pain or discharge, seek medical advice promptly to avoid complications.

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Can a perforated eardrum heal on its own?

Yes, in most cases, a perforated eardrum can heal on its own without the need for medical intervention. The healing process typically takes a few weeks depending on the size and cause of the perforation. Small perforations, particularly those caused by sudden pressure changes or minor trauma, are more likely to heal naturally. However, larger perforations or those caused by infections may take longer to heal or require medical treatment. To support the healing process, it's important to take precautions. Keeping the ear dry is essential to prevent infections that could delay healing. You should avoid swimming and protect the ear while bathing or showering by using a cotton ball with petroleum jelly to keep water out. Avoid inserting any objects, including cotton swabs, into the ear, as this could aggravate the injury. In some cases, if the perforation does not heal on its own after a few weeks, a doctor may recommend treatments like eardrum patching or tympanoplasty (surgical repair of the eardrum). If symptoms like pain, hearing loss, or discharge persist, it's important to seek medical advice to prevent complications such as chronic ear infections or long-term hearing problems.

How long does a perforated ear take to heal?

A perforated eardrum typically takes a few weeks to heal on its own, with most cases resolving within 6 to 8 weeks. The popped eardrum healing time can vary depending on the size of the perforation and the underlying cause. Smaller perforations or those caused by trauma often heal faster, while larger perforations or those resulting from infections may take longer to recover. During this time, it is important to take precautions to avoid further damage or infection, as this could delay the healing process. Keeping the ear dry is crucial, so activities like swimming should be avoided, and care should be taken during bathing or showering to prevent water from entering the ear. Using a cotton ball with petroleum jelly in the ear during showers can help protect it. Tipically, the perforated eardrum recovery time last a few weeks, but if it does not heal within a few weeks, or if symptoms such as pain, hearing loss, or fluid discharge persist, medical intervention may be necessary. In some cases, a doctor might recommend treatments like an eardrum patch or surgery to aid healing.

How to heal a ruptured eardrum faster

How can I speed up the healing of a ruptured eardrum? Healing a ruptured eardrum typically takes a few weeks, but following certain steps can support faster recovery. First, it's crucial to keep the ear dry. Avoid swimming and protect the ear from water while bathing by using a cotton ball with petroleum jelly to prevent moisture from entering. Keeping the ear dry reduces the risk of infection, which can delay healing. Refrain from inserting anything into the ear, including cotton swabs, as this can worsen the rupture or introduce bacteria. If your doctor prescribes antibiotics, either oral or ear drops, take them as directed to treat or prevent infections. Over-the-counter pain relievers such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen can help manage discomfort, but be sure to follow your healthcare provider’s advice. Resting and allowing your body time to heal is also important, as the body’s natural healing processes work best with adequate rest and hydration. If the rupture does not heal within 6 to 8 weeks, or if symptoms worsen, consult a healthcare provider. In some cases, medical intervention such as an eardrum patch or surgery (tympanoplasty) may be necessary to assist the healing process.

How long will a ruptured eardrum leak?

The duration of fluid leakage from a ruptured eardrum can vary depending on the cause and severity of the rupture. In many cases, the ear may leak fluid for a few days up to a week. The fluid, known as ear discharge or "otorrhea," may be clear, bloody, or contain pus, particularly if the rupture is associated with an ear infection. If the ruptured eardrum was caused by an infection, the discharge may last until the infection clears, which could take a few days to a week once appropriate treatment, such as antibiotics, is started. In cases without infection, the fluid may stop leaking more quickly as the eardrum begins to heal on its own. It’s important to keep the ear dry and follow any medical advice to prevent further infection or complications. Using cotton balls in the ear while showering can help keep it dry, but nothing should be inserted into the ear canal. If the discharge continues for longer than a week or worsens, it’s essential to consult a healthcare professional, as this could indicate an ongoing infection or a more complicated rupture that might require further treatment. Generally, as the eardrum heals, the leakage should stop, often within the first few days to a week.
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Is a ruptured eardrum painful?

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Yes, a ruptured eardrum can be painful, though the level of discomfort varies from person to person. Eardrum pain is a common symptom, and it can range from mild discomfort to sharp, severe pain, particularly at the time of the rupture. The pain may be sudden and intense, often described as a sharp or throbbing sensation. In some cases, the pain subsides quickly after the rupture due to a release of pressure that had built up behind the eardrum, especially if the rupture was caused by an infection. Eardrum throbbing pain may continue for a short time as the ear heals, but the discomfort generally decreases as the healing process progresses. Along with the eardrum pain, people may also experience other symptoms, such as hearing loss, ringing in the ear (tinnitus), and fluid drainage from the ear. Additionally, some people report experiencing headaches in conjunction with a ruptured eardrum, especially if an ear infection is present or if pressure in the ear has built up over time. If the pain persists or worsens, or if symptoms like headaches and fluid drainage continue, it's important to seek medical advice. In most cases, the pain improves as the eardrum heals over the course of a few weeks.

How do you know if you have a perforated eardrum?

If you're wondering how to tell if you have a perforated eardrum, there are several key symptoms to watch for. A common sign is sudden ear pain, which may be sharp and intense. In some cases, the pain may diminish quickly as the pressure behind the eardrum is relieved by the perforation. Other symptoms include hearing loss in the affected ear, which can range from mild to significant depending on the size of the tear. You may also experience ear discharge, which could be clear, bloody, or contain pus, especially if the perforation is due to an infection. Another common sign is ringing in the ear (tinnitus), which may accompany the hearing loss. Additionally, some people feel a sensation of fullness or pressure in the ear, and in some cases, dizziness or vertigo can occur if the balance-regulating structures of the ear are affected. If you suspect a perforated eardrum, it’s important to consult a healthcare provider for an accurate diagnosis. A doctor can examine your ear with an otoscope to confirm the presence of a tear and recommend appropriate treatment. Early detection and care can help avoid complications, such as infections or prolonged hearing issues.

What does a ruptured eardrum feel like?

A ruptured eardrum can cause a variety of sensations, depending on the severity and cause of the rupture. One of the most common symptoms is sudden, sharp pain in the ear. This pain may be intense at the moment of rupture but can sometimes subside quickly, especially if the rupture relieves built-up pressure in the middle ear. However, some people may experience ongoing discomfort or a throbbing sensation in the ear. Another noticeable symptom is hearing loss in the affected ear, which can range from mild to more pronounced depending on the size of the perforation. Many individuals also report a ringing or buzzing sound (tinnitus) in the ear, which can be persistent or intermittent. Fluid drainage from the ear is another common sign, and this fluid may be clear, bloody, or have a pus-like consistency, particularly if the rupture is related to an infection. In some cases, a ruptured eardrum can cause dizziness or vertigo, as the balance-regulating structures in the inner ear may be affected. The overall sensation of a ruptured eardrum can vary, but these symptoms—pain, hearing loss, tinnitus, and fluid discharge—are key indicators. It’s important to seek medical attention for an accurate diagnosis and treatment plan.

Perforated eardrum signs and symptoms

Symptoms often begin after you have:

  • Had an ear infection
  • Suffered an injury to your ear
  • Been exposed to a sudden, loud noise (such as fireworks or gunfire)
  • Experienced a sudden change in pressure

You may not notice any symptoms until the eardrum ruptures, especially if the rupture is caused by a sudden noise or injury. Once your eardrum has ruptured, you may experience the following symptoms, typically in one ear:

  • A sudden, sharp pain in the ear or, if you've had pain due to an ear infection, a sudden reduction in that pain
  • Fluid draining from the ear, which may be bloody, clear, or cloudy
  • Ringing or buzzing in the ear (tinnitus)
  • Itching in the ear canal
  • Hearing loss, which may be partial or complete in the affected ear
  • Dizziness or vertigo
  • Nausea or vomiting due to vertigo
  • Fever
  • In severe cases, facial weakness

When your eardrum ruptures, you may feel a sudden, sharp pain, followed by symptoms such as ear bleeding, hearing loss, and tinnitus. If an infection is the cause, the pain may become intense before suddenly subsiding as the pressure in the ear reduces.

Ruptured Eardrum Bleeding

Some bleeding may occur after the eardrum ruptures, which is quite common, especially in cases involving ear infections. While the bleeding usually stops shortly, a cloudy fluid may continue to leak for a few days.

Can you hear with a ruptured eardrum?

Yes, you can still hear with a ruptured eardrum, but your hearing may be affected. The extent of hearing loss depends on the size of the rupture and whether there are complications like infections. A perforated eardrum can cause partial hearing loss, typically in the affected ear, because the eardrum plays a crucial role in transmitting sound waves from the outer ear to the inner ear. Hearing loss from a ruptured eardrum is usually temporary and improves as the eardrum heals. In most cases, hearing returns to normal once the eardrum repairs itself, which typically takes a few weeks. However, if the rupture is large or if there are recurrent infections, medical treatment may be required to aid the healing process and restore full hearing. If you experience hearing difficulties following a rupture, it's important to seek medical advice to ensure there are no further complications, such as infections or damage to other parts of the ear. Treatments like antibiotics or, in more serious cases, surgical repair (tympanoplasty) may be recommended to help restore hearing.
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What causes a burst eardrum?

A burst (or ruptured) eardrum can be caused by several factors, including:

  1. Ear infections (Otitis Media): Infections in the middle ear are a common cause of eardrum rupture. When fluid builds up behind the eardrum due to infection, it can create pressure that causes the eardrum to tear.
  2. Sudden pressure changes (Barotrauma): A sudden change in air or water pressure can cause a perforated eardrum. This often occurs during activities like flying, scuba diving, or driving in the mountains, where pressure inside the ear doesn't equalise quickly enough with the external pressure.
  3. Loud noises (Acoustic trauma): Exposure to extremely loud sounds, such as explosions, gunfire, or fireworks, can cause the eardrum to burst. This is known as acoustic trauma and typically results from a sudden, intense noise.
  4. Injury or trauma to the ear: Physical injury, such as being hit in the ear, inserting objects like cotton swabs too deeply, or an accidental injury during ear cleaning, can tear the eardrum.
  5. Foreign objects in the ear: Small objects like cotton buds or sharp items, if inserted too far into the ear canal, can puncture the eardrum.
  6. Head trauma: Severe head injuries or skull fractures can also cause the eardrum to rupture due to the direct impact on the ear structures.

These causes can lead to symptoms such as ear pain, hearing loss, and fluid discharge, and often require medical attention.

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What to do for a perforated ear: precautions

Anyone who suspects they may have a ruptured eardrum should consult their doctor. A doctor can examine the ear to diagnose a ruptured eardrum and may also conduct a hearing test to assess any hearing loss. Additionally, the doctor will provide guidance on how to protect the eardrum, prescribe antibiotics if needed, and arrange a follow-up appointment to monitor the ear’s healing progress. Most ruptured eardrums heal naturally without treatment, but it’s important to follow the doctor’s advice. There are also steps that can be taken at home to aid recovery.

Protect the affected ear

People with a ruptured eardrum should avoid getting water in their ears until the tear has healed, as this can cause a middle ear infection. Water can carry germs through the tear and into the middle ear. If possible, avoid submerging the head in water. For showering or washing hair, consider placing cotton balls in the outer ear, and use earplugs when swimming.

Apply a warm compress

A warm compress may help relieve pain from a ruptured eardrum. To do this, soak a soft cloth in warm water, wring it out, and apply it to the ear for several minutes. Ensure no water enters the ear, and that the temperature is comfortable.

Use over-the-counter pain medicine

For persistent pain, over-the-counter pain relievers like paracetamol or ibuprofen can be helpful. If pain persists despite using these, consult a doctor.

Do not insert objects into the ear canal

Never insert items into the ear, ruptured or otherwise. Cotton swabs and other objects can cause damage to the eardrum. Studies have shown that a significant number of ruptured eardrums are caused by cotton-tipped swabs. If something becomes lodged in the ear, seek medical attention rather than trying to remove it yourself.

If fluid or blood drains from the ear, gently wipe the outer ear, but avoid cleaning the ear canal without medical advice. Additionally, avoid using over-the-counter or herbal ear drops unless specifically instructed by a doctor.

Avoid air travel until healed

Sudden pressure changes, such as during air travel or scuba diving, can worsen a ruptured eardrum. Speak to your doctor before flying or engaging in activities that involve rapid pressure changes. Always avoid flying with ear infections.

Burst eardrum surgery and other remedies

Typically, no specific treatment is required for a ruptured eardrum, as most cases heal on their own within 2 to 3 months. Your doctor may prescribe antibiotics, either in oral form or as ear drops, to prevent or treat an ear infection. If you are experiencing pain in your ear, your doctor may suggest over-the-counter pain relief, such as paracetamol or ibuprofen. Additionally, applying a warm or cool compress to the ear can help alleviate discomfort.

Burst eardrum surgery

If your eardrum takes longer than 3 to 4 weeks to heal, it may be worth consulting an ear, nose, and throat specialist. They may recommend a procedure to close or patch the hole. These procedures are typically performed on an outpatient basis, allowing you to return home the same day.

  • Myringoplasty: In this procedure, the doctor applies a paper patch over the tear or hole, often treated with medication to promote healing. This may need to be repeated for full recovery.
  • Tympanoplasty: If a patch isn’t sufficient or previous attempts haven’t worked, the doctor may use a small graft of your own tissue to cover the hole.

Home care

To assist with healing and ease symptoms, consider the following:

  • Take over-the-counter pain relief, such as paracetamol or ibuprofen.
  • Avoid swimming and ensure no water enters your ear until you are fully healed or given the all-clear by your doctor.
  • Do not insert anything into your ear, including cotton swabs, unless advised by your doctor.
  • Be cautious when blowing your nose, as blowing too forcefully could hinder the healing process.
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Burst eardrum complications

If your eardrum has not healed on its own after 3 to 6 months, you may face complications, including:

Hearing loss

Hearing loss is usually temporary, with hearing often returning once the eardrum has healed. However, if the perforation is large or located in an area that is difficult to heal, the hearing loss may become permanent.

Middle ear infections

A hole in the eardrum can allow bacteria to enter the middle ear, leading to recurrent infections. If the eardrum fails to heal, you may experience repeated ear infections, which could result in permanent hearing loss and fluid discharge from the ear.

Cholesteatoma (cyst in the middle ear)

A perforation in the eardrum can enable skin cells and earwax to enter the middle ear, potentially forming a cholesteatoma (a cyst). This cyst produces proteins that can damage the bones in the middle ear, leading to permanent hearing loss.

Mastoiditis

In some cases, an untreated infection may spread to the mastoid bone behind the ear, leading to mastoiditis, a serious condition requiring prompt treatment.

Long-term vertigo or dizziness

Failure of the eardrum to heal may also lead to prolonged vertigo or dizziness, affecting your balance and quality of life.

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