Types of hearing aids

Hearing aids are small electronic devices designed to improve hearing by amplifying sound and enhancing speech clarity. They work by capturing sounds through a microphone, processing them digitally, and delivering a clearer signal into the ear through a speaker. Modern devices use advanced processors that automatically adapt to different environments, support wireless connectivity, and offer custom fittings based on your hearing profile.
There are different types and styles of hearing aids available, each built to address specific levels of hearing loss, comfort needs, and lifestyle preferences.

Hearing aids are generally grouped into a range of types—or styles—that describe both how they deliver sound and where they sit on or in the ear. The main types include:

• behind-the-ear (BTE) devices
• receiver-in-the-ear (RITE) and receiver-in-the-canal (RIC) options
• in-the-ear (ITE) models
• in-the-canal (ITC) versions
• completely-in-the-canal (CIC) designs
• invisible-in-the-canal (IIC) solutions
• specialised CROS/BiCROS systems for single-sided or asymmetric hearing loss.

Each type offers different benefits in terms of power, discretion, comfort and technological features, allowing every wearer to find a solution suited to their hearing needs and lifestyle.

In-the-ear hearing aids (ITE) are custom-made to fit the outer ear, offering a stable shape that is easier to insert and control. Their size allows them to include advanced functions, such as directional microphones and wireless connectivity.

Suitable for:

• Mild to severe hearing loss
• Users with dexterity or visual limitations

Receiver-in-the-ear hearing aids (RITE) place the receiver inside the ear canal while the rest sits discreetly behind the ear. This arrangement reduces distortion and improves sound quality while keeping the device lightweight and comfortable.

Suitable for:

• Mild to severe hearing loss
• Users seeking a lightweight and discreet solution

In-the-canal hearing aids (ITC) sit partly inside the ear canal, offering a balance of subtle appearance and practical functionality. They provide good sound quality and may include basic controls, although their compact size limits additional features.

Suitable for:

• Mild to moderate hearing loss
• Users seeking a mid-size option that balances discretion and usability

Invisible-in-the-canal hearing aids (IIC) are placed very deep within the ear canal, making them almost invisible. Their tiny size delivers maximum discretion but may limit technology such as Bluetooth or rechargeability.

Suitable for:

• Mild to moderate hearing loss
• Users wanting the least visible option

Hearing aids primarily support individuals with sensorineural hearing loss, the most common form of hearing loss caused by inner-ear or auditory nerve damage. They can also help people with some conductive or mixed hearing losses, depending on severity and medical suitability. Devices cannot restore natural hearing, but they significantly improve sound awareness, speech understanding, and overall communication.

A hearing aid becomes appropriate when hearing difficulties begin to interfere with everyday activities. Because hearing loss typically develops slowly, many people overlook early signs.

You may benefit from a hearing aid if you notice:

• Difficulty following conversations in noise
• Turning up the TV or radio
• Missing phone calls, alerts or doorbells
  
• Feeling unusually tired after social interactions
• Friends or family commenting on your hearing

Anyone over 50, or with a history of noise exposure, should consider regular hearing checks. Early intervention generally leads to better long-term outcomes and easier adaptation.

Selecting the right hearing aid requires understanding your hearing needs, lifestyle and preferences. An audiologist will guide you through models, features and performance differences.

Important factors to consider include:

• Degree and type of hearing loss
• Lifestyle needs (e.g., frequent meetings, outdoor activity, work environments)
• Device size and comfort
• Bluetooth connectivity and streaming features
• Rechargeable or disposable batteries
• Ease of handling for people with limited dexterity
• Moisture and dust protection
• Cost, warranty and follow-up care

A professional fitting ensures your hearing aids are programmed precisely to your hearing profile.

Hearing aid prices vary depending on technology and features.

You’ll typically find:

• Entry-level models: suitable for quiet environments
• Mid-range devices: better for mixed listening environments
• Premium devices: advanced noise reduction, superior performance in crowds, and extensive connectivity

Always consider what is included in the price—fittings, follow-up care, warranties and support.

Modern hearing aids include advanced digital features that improve clarity and comfort:

• Directional microphones
• Noise reduction systems
• Feedback management
• Bluetooth streaming
• Rechargeable batteries
• App-based controls
• Compatibility with assistive listening accessories

Choosing features that match your lifestyle ensures the best experience.

Hearing aids need ongoing care:

• Disposable batteries typically last several days to a couple of weeks.
• Rechargeable models offer daily convenience and less maintenance.
• Regular cleaning, tubing changes and software updates are essential.
• Most devices last five to seven years, though individual components may need replacement sooner.

Knowing service and repair costs upfront helps avoid surprises later.

Adaptation takes time. Sounds may seem sharper or unfamiliar at first, but consistent use helps the brain adjust.

Helpful tips for new users:

• Start by wearing your hearing aids for a few hours a day
• Gradually increase usage as comfort improves
• Attend follow-up appointments for adjustments
• Practise listening in different environments
• Use communication strategies like facing the speaker

Most people adapt within a few weeks with proper support.